ʻOi aku ka mana o ka taurine ma mua o kou noʻonoʻo!!

I kēia mau lā iho nei, ua paʻi ʻia nā noiʻi e pili ana i ka taurine ma nā puke pai ʻekolu kiʻekiʻe ʻo Science, Cell, a me Nature. Ua hōʻike kēia mau haʻawina i nā hana hou o ka taurine - anti-aging, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa, a me ka anti-obesity.

I Iune 2023, ua paʻi nā kānaka noiʻi mai ka National Institute of Immunology ma India, ke Kulanui ʻo Columbia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe i nā pepa ma ka puke pai hoʻonaʻauao honua kiʻekiʻe ʻo Science. Hōʻike ka haʻawina ʻo ka hemahema o ka taurine ke kumu o ka ʻelemakule. Hiki i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka taurine ke hoʻolohi i ka ʻelemakule ʻana o nā nematodes, nā ʻiole, a me nā mōneki, a hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola olakino o nā ʻiole waena ma 12%. Nā kikoʻī: ʻEpekema: Mana ma mua o kou noʻonoʻo! Hiki iā Taurine ke hoʻohuli i ka ʻelemakule a hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola?

I ʻApelila 2024, ua paʻi ʻo Polopeka Zhao Xiaodi, Polopeka Hope ʻo Lu Yuanyuan, Polopeka Nie Yongzhan, a me Polopeka Wang Xin mai ka Halemai Xijing o ke Kulanui Lapaʻau Koa ʻEhā i nā pepa ma ka puke pai hoʻonaʻauao honua kiʻekiʻe ʻo Cell. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia haʻawina e hoʻokūkū nā pūnaewele tumo me nā pūnaewele CD8+ T no ka taurine ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mea lawe taurine SLC6A6, ka mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka make ʻana o nā pūnaewele T a me ka luhi, e alakaʻi ana i ka pakele ʻana o ka pale ʻana o ka tumo, no laila e paipai ana i ka holomua a me ka hoʻi hou ʻana o ka tumo, ʻoiai ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana iā Taurine hiki ke hoʻāla hou i nā pūnaewele CD8+ T luhi a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa.

Ma ʻAukake 7, 2024, ua paʻi ka hui o Jonathan Z. Long o ke Kulanui ʻo Stanford (ʻo Kauka Wei Wei ka mea kākau mua) i kahi pepa noiʻi i kapa ʻia: ʻO PTER kahi N-acetyl taurine hydrolase e hoʻoponopono i ka hānai ʻana a me ka momona ma ka puke pai hoʻonaʻauao honua kiʻekiʻe ʻo Nature.

Ua ʻike kēia haʻawina i ka N-acetyl taurine hydrolase mua i loko o nā mammals, ʻo PTER, a ua hōʻoia i ke kuleana koʻikoʻi o N-acetyl taurine i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka anti-obesity. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, hiki ke hoʻomohala i nā mea hoʻopaʻa PTER ikaika a koho no ka mālama ʻana i ka momona.

Loaʻa nui ʻia ʻo Taurine i loko o nā ʻiʻo mammalian a me nā meaʻai he nui a loaʻa i nā ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe loa i loko o nā ʻiʻo hoʻonāukiuki e like me ka puʻuwai, nā maka, ka lolo, a me nā ʻiʻo. Ua wehewehe ʻia ʻo Taurine he mau hana pleiotropic cellular a me physiological, ʻoi aku hoʻi i loko o ke ʻano o ka homeostasis metabolic. ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka genetic i nā pae taurine e alakaʻi ai i ka atrophy muscle, ka emi ʻana o ka hiki ke hoʻoikaika kino, a me ka hana ʻole o ka mitochondrial i nā ʻiʻo he nui. Hoʻemi ka hoʻopihapiha Taurine i ke kaumaha redox mitochondrial, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hiki ke hoʻoikaika kino, a kāohi i ke kaumaha o ke kino.

Ua huki nui ʻia ka hoihoi noiʻi e ka biochemistry a me ka enzymology o ka metabolism taurine. Ma ke ala biosynthetic taurine endogenous, hoʻololi ʻia ka cysteine ​​​​e ka cysteine ​​​​dioxygenase (CDO) a me ka cysteine ​​​​sulfinate decarboxylase (CSAD) e hana i ka hypotaurine, kahi ma hope iho ʻo ka Oxidation e flavin monooxygenase 1 (FMO1) e hana i ka taurine. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka cysteine ​​​​ke hana i ka hypotaurine ma o ke ala ʻē aʻe o ka cysteamine a me ka cysteamine dioxygenase (ADO). Ma lalo o ka taurine ponoʻī he mau metabolites taurine lua, me ka taurocholate, tauramidine, a me N-acetyl taurine. ʻO ka enzyme wale nō i ʻike ʻia e hoʻoulu i kēia mau ala ma lalo ʻo BAAT, kahi e hoʻohui ai i ka taurine me ka bile acyl-CoA e hana i ka taurocholate a me nā paʻakai bile ʻē aʻe. Ma waho aʻe o BAAT, ʻaʻole i hoʻoholo ʻia nā ʻike molekala o nā enzyme ʻē aʻe e hoʻopili ana i ka metabolism taurine lua.

ʻO N-acetyltaurine (N-acetyl taurine) kahi metabolite lua o ka taurine hoihoi loa akā ʻaʻole i aʻo maikaʻi ʻia. Hoʻoponopono ʻia nā pae N-acetyl taurine i loko o nā wai olaola e nā hoʻopilikia physiological he nui e hoʻonui ai i ka taurine a/a i ʻole ka acetate flux, me ka hoʻoikaika kino hoʻomanawanui, ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona, a me ka hoʻopihapiha taurine meaʻai. Eia kekahi, he ʻano like ke ʻano kemika o N-acetyltaurine me nā molekala hōʻailona e like me ka neurotransmitter acetylcholine a me ka acyltaurine N-fatty kaulahao lōʻihi e hoʻoponopono ana i ke kō koko, e hōʻike ana e hana pū paha ia ma ke ʻano he metabolite hōʻailona. Hana ka huahana. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole maopopo ka biosynthesis, ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana, a me nā hana hiki o N-acetyl taurine.

Ma kēia noiʻi hou loa, ua ʻike ka hui noiʻi iā PTER, kahi enzyme makua ʻole o ka hana i ʻike ʻole ʻia, ʻo ia ka mammalian N-acetyl taurine hydrolase nui. I loko o ka vitro, ua hōʻike ka recombinant PTER i kahi pae substrate haiki a me nā palena nui. I loko o ka N-acetyl taurine, ua hydrolyzed ia i loko o ka taurine a me ka acetate.

ʻO ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka gene Pter i loko o nā ʻiole e hopena i ka nalowale piha ʻana o ka hana hydrolytic N-acetyl taurine i loko o nā ʻiʻo a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana o ka nui o N-acetyl taurine i loko o nā ʻiʻo like ʻole.

Ua pili ka locus PTER kanaka me ka helu kuhi o ke kino (BMI). Ua ʻike hou ka hui noiʻi ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana me ka piʻi ʻana o nā pae taurine, ua hōʻike nā ʻiole Pter knockout i ka emi ʻana o ka ʻai ʻana a ua kūʻē i ka momona i hoʻokomo ʻia e ka meaʻai. a ua hoʻomaikaʻi i ka homeostasis glucose. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o N-acetyl taurine i nā ʻiole hihiu momona ua hōʻemi pū i ka ʻai ʻana a me ke kaumaha o ke kino ma ke ʻano e hilinaʻi ana iā GFRAL.

Hoʻokomo kēia ʻikepili iā PTER ma ke kikowaena enzyme koʻikoʻi o ka metabolism lua o ka taurine a hōʻike i nā kuleana o PTER a me N-acetyl taurine i ka kaohi kaumaha a me ke kaulike ikehu.

Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ua ʻike kēia haʻawina i ka acetyl taurine hydrolase mua i loko o nā mammals, ʻo PTER, a ua hōʻoia i ke kuleana koʻikoʻi o ka acetyl taurine i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka anti-obesity. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomohala ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa PTER ikaika a koho no ka mālama ʻana i ka momona.